凝结芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、血清生化指标及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Bacillus coagulans on Growth Performance,Immune Organ Indexes,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Intestinal Flora of Broilers

本试验旨在研究凝结芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、血清生化指标及肠道菌群的影响。选择健康的1日龄AV500肉鸡10 000只,随机分成2组,每组5个重复,每个重复1 000只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+300 mg/kg凝结芽孢杆菌制剂。试验期6周。结果表明:1)1~21日龄、22~42日龄试验组肉鸡死淘率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),分别下降了61.7%、52.42%;22~42日龄,试验组肉鸡的平均日增重、平均日采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)21日龄试验组肉鸡的脾脏指数、胸腺指数、法氏囊指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而肠道指数却显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。42日龄试验组肉鸡的脾脏指数、胸腺指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)21和42日龄试验组肉鸡血清中的丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶活性及总蛋白、球蛋白含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)21和42日龄试验组肉鸡盲肠、回肠食糜中凝结芽孢杆菌数量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),大肠杆菌数量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加凝结芽孢杆菌可抑制肉鸡肠道中大肠杆菌的生长,提高免疫器官指数,降低死淘率。

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Bacillus coagulans on growth performance,immune organ indexes,serum biochemical indexes and intestinal flora of broilers. A total of 10 000 one-day-old AV500 broilers were randomly divided into two groups with five replicates per group,and each replicate contained 1 000 broilers. Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,and the others in the test group were fed the basal diet＋ 300 mg/kg Bacillus coagulans. The experiment lasted for 6 weeks. The results showed as follows： 1） the mortality of broilers of test group was significantly lower than that of control group at 1 to 21 days of age and 22 to 42 days of age（ P〈 0.05）,and decreased by 61.7% and 52.42%,respectively; the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of broilers of test group were significantly higher than those of control group at 22 to 42 days of age（ P〈 0.05）. 2） The spleen index,thymus index and bursa of Fabricius index of broilers of test group were significantly higher than those of control group at 21 days of age（ P〈 0.05）,while the intestinal index was significantly lower than those of control group（ P〈 0.05）. The spleen index and thymus index of broilers of test group were significantly higher than those of control group at 42 days of age（ P〈0.05）. 3） The activities of alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase and the contents of total protein,globulin in serum of broilers of test group were significantly higher than that of control group at 21 and 42 days of age（ P〈 0.05）. 4） The number of Bacillus coagulans in appendix and ileum digesta of broilers of test group was significantly higher than that of control group at 21 and 42 days of age（ P〈 0.05）,while the E. coli number was significantly lower than that of control group（ P〈 0.05）. In conclusion,dietary added with Bacillus coagulans can inhibit the growth of E. coli in the intestine,improve the immune organ indexes and reduce the mortality of broilers.