新型多肽表位技术研究进展

Research Progress on Novel Peptide Epitopes Technology

多肽表位作为抗原的重要组成成分,可以被宿主免疫系统B细胞产生的抗体(Ig)和T细胞受体(TCR)识别,从而诱导机体产生免疫保护作用。传统的研究方法如交叠肽合成等费时费力,极大地限制了多肽表位的研究。随着生物信息学、高通量测序、CRISPR/Cas9、质谱(MS)等技术出现以及TAP非依赖型蛋白加工机制的不断阐述,使表位的研究得到不断完善。作者介绍了最新的多肽表位研究方法,包括利用计算机对B细胞和T细胞表位的预测、基于MHC与抗原肽结构作用为基础的方法、结合高通量测序技术的表位筛选方法、结合新型基因编辑技术的表位筛选方法、TAP非依赖性T细胞表位的最新研究等,并对今后多肽表位研究的发展进行了展望。

As an important component of the antigen,peptide epitopes can be recognized by T cell receptor（TCR）and antibodies which induced protective immunity by the host immune system.Traditional research methods,such as overlapping peptide synthesis is long time-consuming which greatly limits the study of epitopes. With the development of bioinformatics,highthroughput sequencing,CRISPR/Cas9 technology,MS and other technologies and explaining the processing mechanism of TAP-dificient protein constantly,the research for epitopes is being perfect continually.In this article,some new methods to study epitopes were introduced,including computer prediction of B cell or T cell epitopes,identification of epitopes based on the structure and interaction of MHC and antigenic peptides,screening epitopes by means of high throughput sequencing,screening epitopes by means of newly genome editing,the up-to-date research in TAP-deficient T cell epitopes,etc.Finally,future prospect for research direction of peptides was further forecasted.