革质花盘亚组野生牡丹资源的调查及保护利用建议

Suggestions on Conservation and Utilization of Wild Tree Peony Resources of Subsect. Vagintae Based on Recent Investigation

革质花盘亚组野生种参与了栽培牡丹的起源,在生物多样性保护和牡丹品种改良中具有重要价值。为了科学合理地保护和开发利用我国特有的野生牡丹资源,本研究通过野外实地调查,结合文献记录,在全国尺度上对革质花盘亚组野生牡丹资源的生物学特性、地理分布特点进行了系统分析。结果表明:革质花盘亚组共有5个野生种和1个杂交种,分布在秦巴山区、陕甘黄土高原和川西北黄土高原地区,其中陕西省野生牡丹资源最为丰富,并在陕西省商南县和旬阳县发现了卵叶牡丹新的原生地分布点;同时对革质花盘亚组的种群特征进行了分析,并针对革质花盘亚组种质资源的药用、观赏和油用潜在利用价值和濒危现状提出了开发利用建议和保护对策。

Wild species of Subsect. Vagintae native to China were involved in the origin of the cultivated tree peonies,so they have extremely important value in conservation of biodiversity and improving varieties of tree peony. Based on recent field survey and literatures ,we investigated the biological characteristics and the natural geographic distribution of wild tree peony species of Subsect. Vagintae at national scale in order to provide reasonable references for protection and utilization of wild tree peony resources. The results show that there are 5 wild species and 1 hybrid species in China. They mainly distribute in Qin-ling and Bashan mountains,and also the forests of the Loess Plateaus in Shaanxi, Gansu and Northwestern Sichuan. In these area, Shaanxi Province has abundant wild tree peony resources, and the newly records of Paeonia qiui Y. L. Pei ＆ D. Y. Hong were found in Shangnan and Xunyang county of Shaanxi Province. The population characteristics of Subsect. Vagintae were analyzed and the prospect for exploitation and utilization and scientific conservation strategies of wild resources of Subsect. Vagintae were discussed.