视神经周围炎的研究进展（英文）

A review of optic perineuritis

视神经周围炎(OPN)是指涉及视神经鞘膜的一系列病理性炎症。OPN的经典三联征包括单侧视神经病变伴随疼痛和/或视盘水肿,此病症与其它视神经病变相似,导致诊断延迟和治疗欠佳。2016年1月,我们对发表于Medline和Ovid数据库的关键词为"视神经周围炎"的各种语言的文献进行了检索,共查找到60篇文献,发表于1956-2015年。两位作者(Tai ELM和Tevaraj JMP)分别对论文摘要进行了独立筛选,并筛选出相关文章。本次综述,我们强调OPN的特点,特别是OPN和视神经炎之间的临床差异。虽然大多数OPN的病例是特发性的,但仍需进行调查以排除特异性感染和继发性OPN的炎症原因。MRI是非常重要的检查方法,由于OPN视神经周围炎症的影像学诊断。糖皮质激素治疗可使症状与体征迅速好转,长期口服糖皮质激素并慢速递减可以降低复发的风险。

Optic perineuritis（OPN） refers to a spectrum of conditions involving pathologic inflammation of the optic nerve sheath.The classic triad of OPN consists of unilateral optic neuropathy associated with pain and /or disc oedema,but the condition often mimics other optic neuropathies,resulting in delayed diagnosis and suboptimal treatment.We performed a database search of Medline and Ovid in January 2016 for articles published in any language with the keywords ＇optic perineuritis＇.Sixty articles were found,published from 1956 to 2015.Two reviewers（Tai ELM and Tevaraj JMP） performed an independent screening of abstracts.Articles of interest were subsequently examined.In this review,we highlight the salient features of OPN,with particular emphasis on the clinical differences between OPN and optic neuritis.Although the majority of cases of OPN are idiopathic,investigations are required to rule out specific infectious and inflammatory causes of secondary OPN.MRI is an invaluable component of the workup,as radiographic demonstration of peri-neural inflammation is diagnostic of OPN.Corticosteroid therapy results in dramatic and rapid reversal of the signs and symptoms,but prolonged therapy with slow tapering of oral corticosteroids may be necessary to reduce the risk of relapses.