矮寨苗语处置句研究

A Study on Pretransitive Construction in Aizhai Miao

矮寨苗语有表示处置义的"k^(44)+O+VP"句式,表示说话人认为施事发出某种动作致使受事受到影响而产生变化。k^(44)分布的不同句法结构和所表示的不同句式意义形成了以k^(44)为中心的句法语义系统,体现了k^(44)句法地位逐渐弱化和语义逐渐虚化的演变链。矮寨苗语的处置句不发达,是后起的,产生原因与其SVO型、前置词型语言等结构特点有关。

This paper studies the pretransitive construction in Aizhai Miao. It first presents the syntactic variants of pretransitive construction and their construction meanings, revolving arotmd kδ^44, which is grammatically and semantically multifunctional. In-depth analysis indicates that kδ^44 locates in a cline towards a state of grammatical weakening and semantic bleaching in the process of grammaticalization. It is discovered that the pretransitive construction in Aizhai Miao is underdeveloped and dates back to recent times. It is also found out that the pretransitive construction takes root in the structural attributions of Aizhai Miao per se, i.e., the SVO word order and existence of abundant prepositions. Finally, it puts forward suggestions for future studies on pretransitive constructions.