大肠癌高危人群肠镜筛查顺应性影响因素的研究

Research on the factors of colonoscopy screening compliance in high-risk colorectal cancer groups

目的:了解城市社区大肠癌高危居民对肠镜筛查的顺应性及其影响因素,为进行有针对性的护理干预,提高大肠癌高危人群肠镜筛查顺应性提供依据。方法:以天津市某社区自然人群中大肠癌筛查高危人群为研究对象,按是否接受肠镜检查分为病例组、对照组。自行设计大肠癌高危患者肠镜检查顺应性单因素调查问卷及拒绝肠镜原因调查问卷,运用德尔菲法最终确定问卷,获得影响大肠癌高危患者是否接受肠镜检查的影响因素。结果:组间人群的基本特征除是否具有医保有统计学差异(P<0.05),其他性别、婚姻、文化程度、家庭收入等无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组在肠镜认知中具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。同时"工作忙,没时间"、"认为肠镜意义不大"及"害怕疼痛"是拒绝肠镜检查的主要原因,占73%。结论:提高大肠癌筛查工作中肠镜的认知以及有针对性的干预患者拒绝肠镜的相关因素,可以提高大肠癌高危患者肠镜筛查顺应性,从而提高整个筛查工作的顺应性。

Objective To understand colonoscopy screening compliance of colorectal cancer high-risk of urban community residents and its influencing factors is for the purpose of targeting nursing intervention to improve compliance, to provide basis for colorectal cancer screening.Methods：The high-risk sample from a community in Tianjin was grouped into the case group and the control group according to whether was willing to accept endoscopic check. A self-designed questionnaire for colonoscopy screening compliance and a single factor questionnaire for reason of refusing colonoscopy were used to survey, which designed by Delphi method. Results：The essential characteristic between two groups had no statistically significant difference（P〈0.05） except health care（P〈0.05）. Two groups had significant statistical difference in the colonoscopy cognitive（P〈0.05）. At the same time, ＂busy work and no time＂、 ＂that colonoscopy has little significance ＂ and ＂fear of pain＂ were the major causes of refusing to colonoscopy, with constituent ratio at 73%. Conclusion：Increasing cognitive of colonoscopy and targeted to intervention of related factors for refusing colonoscopy could improve the compliance in patients with high risk of colorectal cancer, so as to improve the compliance of the screening work.