美国F-1签证规定对我国外国人管理的启示

The Enlightenment of US F-1 Visa Regulations on the Management of Foreigners in China

在打工分类方面,在美F-1留学生可以从事校内打工和校外打工,其中校外打工又包含四种:课程实习(CPT),任选实习(OPT),经济特困工作许可和国际组织实习。在系统方面,国际学生和交流访问学者信息系统(SEVIS)存储并及时更新在美的非移民国际学生,交流访问学者及其家属准确的和当前的信息。在处罚方面,F-1留学生须严格遵守规定及系统的要求合理合法打工,否则将面临责罚。借鉴美国对留学生的管理经验,在防控外国人非法就业方面,我们要细化签证种类,明确入境事由;各部门密切合作,构建共享互通的外国人信息资源库;完善法律法规,加大非法就业处罚力度。

International students in US can part-timely work on-campus and off-campus. Off-campus employment includes CPT, OPT, Severe Economic Hardship, Employment with an International Organization. SEVIS stores and real time renews information of international students, exchange visiting scholars and their relatives. F-1 international students will be punished if they violate employment regulations. The prevention and control of illegal employment of foreigners in US enlightens us that we should refine the type of visa, clear immigration reasons; closely cooperate with departments, construct data base of foreigners, improve laws and regulations, and increase penalties for illegal employment.