儿童哮喘发作期中医证型分布及用药规律的探讨

An exploration on the TCM syndrome distribution and laws of herbs application in children with asthma in acute stage

目的探讨儿童哮喘发作期临床证型分布特点与用药规律。方法纳入符合条件的儿童哮喘发作期患儿161例,以其证型及中药处方为研究点,使用SPSS 19.0统计学软件,探讨儿童哮喘发作期证型分布特点及中医用药规律。结果儿童哮喘急性期证型分布居于首位的是热性哮喘证,与其他证型相比有显著差异(P<0.01),用药方面紫菀、款冬花、蝉蜕、僵蚕、桑白皮、化橘红、橘络、葶苈子、川贝母、炙枇杷叶、鱼腥草、大青叶为常用药物,类别方面以化痰止咳平喘药、清热药、理气药、平肝熄风药为主。结论儿童哮喘发作期中医证型以热性哮喘证为主,在临床用药过程中应以清热化痰、止咳平喘为主,同时兼用理气、平肝息风之药。

Objective To study the features the distribution of TCM syndrome and laws of herbs application in children with asthma in acute stage. Methods A total of 161 cases of childhood asthma during attack that met the inclusive criteria were collected; taking its TCM syndromes and herbal prescription as re- searching points, the features of symdrome distribution of childhood asthma in acute episode and principles of herbs application were explored with SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Results The top TCM type of childhood asthma in the acute period was febrile asthma, which had a marked difference compared with other tyoes （P〈0.01 ）. When it came to the choice of herbs, Ziwan, Kuandonghua, Chantui, Jiangcan, Sangbaipi, Huajuhong,Juluo,Tinglizi,Chuanbeimu, Zhipipaye, Yuxingcao and Daqingye were the most frequently used ones ; concerning categories,the herbs, which could relieve cough or reduce sputum and asthma, clear heat, regulate qi,and calm liver to stop endogenous wind, were most widely used. Conclusion TCM type of onsetstage childhood asthma is mainly the febrile one; during medication process, the method of clearing heat, transforming phlegm,reducing cough and wheeze should be paid due attention; in addition, herbs which can regulate qi or calm liver to stop endogenous wind should also be used.