浅议铁路站房正立面的对称与非对称

Discussion on Symmetric and Asymmetric Facade Design of Railway station building

《中长期铁路网规划》实施12年来,中国铁路已经成为中国名片,举世闻名。与铁路相匹配的站房建设也是发生了翻天覆地的变化,无论从数量还是质量来说都有一个质的提高。但是纵观这些站房,我们会发现这些站房的正立面基本上都是以对称的形式出现的,采用非对称形式的站房凤毛麟角。本文通过对站房正立面更倾向于对称设计的原因进行分析,归纳近年来所做的铁路站房,并大致将这些站房的正立面的对称形式归为13类。同时对非对称形式的特点和非对称站房平面布局进行分析,归纳出6类非对称正立面设计形式。最后以已完全无法用对称或非对称的形式去评判的横滨国际码头为例进行分析。为设计者和使用者总结归纳出了铁路站房正立面设计的多种思路和手法。

＂Long-term railway network plan＂ has been implemented for 12 years. China Railway has become a China＇s business card,known to the world. Station building construction matched with the railway has also undergone enormous changes in both quantity and quality. But throughout the station building,we will find fa？ ades of these station buiding are most in the symmetrical form and rare in asymmetric form. The reasons that symmetrical form is preferred in the design of station building facade were analyzed in the paper. According to analysis,the symmetry forms of fa？ ades of railway station buildings built in recent years are classified into 13 types. Through the analysis of the characteristics of asymmetric form and the plan layout of the asymmetric station building,asymmetric forms of fa？ ades are classified into6 types. Finally,taking Yokohama International Passenger Terminal as an example,it is neither symmetrical nor asymmetrical. The above summarization of design forms of station building facades provide a variety of ideas and techniques for the designers and users.