反不正当竞争法一般条款在知识产权保护中的适用定位

The Role of the General Clauses of Anti-unfair Competition Law in IP Protecting

反不正当竞争法一般条款因其具备一定的灵活性,能够在知识产权保护中发挥补充功能,但也因其伴生的抽象性,蕴含着过度补充而损害知识产权法利益平衡的危险。明确反不正当竞争法一般条款在知识产权保护中的适用定位,将其具体化,是实现反不正当竞争法适度补充知识产权法的关键。其中,将不正当性的转义重点由商业道德转向市场竞争秩序本身,可以使评估不正当竞争行为的标准更为客观;将与知识产权相关的不正当竞争行为类型化为侵害商誉型、破坏秘密管理体制型和剥夺先行者优势型,能最大限度地限缩一般条款的适用范围,减少适用的不确定性。

The general clauses of the Anti-unfair Competition Law play a complementary role in the protection of intellectual property, thanks to its flexibility; however, its associated abstraction may lead to overcompensation and harm the interests balance inherent in the IP law. It is a key point in realize moderate compensation of IP law by the Anti-unfair Competition Law to clarify how to apply the general clauses of Anti- Unfair Competition Law in IP protection, and make it concrete. It is more objective to change the criteria for defining ＂unfair＂ from emphasizing on business ethics to competition order.Moreover, to classify the types of IP- related unfair competition into the goodwill infringement, undermining the trade secret management system, and depriving the advantages of the first mover may be the most effective way to limit the application scope of the general clauses, whereby reduce the uncertainty in application.