表位多肽在肿瘤治疗中的现状

The current situation of epitope peptide in cancer therapy

人们对肿瘤免疫应答机制的研究越来越深入,由此认识到启动CD8+T细胞免疫应答的是与MHC分子结合的氨基酸短肽,而不是整个氨基酸序列,这个短肽就是CTL(细胞毒性T淋巴细胞)表位。随着肿瘤免疫治疗的研究进展,以各种肿瘤的抗原表位为基础所开展的疫苗研究取得了很大的进步。尤其是CTL表位多肽疫苗是新一代抗肿瘤疫苗研究的热点,它主要是以肿瘤相关抗原或肿瘤特异性抗原为基础设计的,可采用人工合成而且制备过程简单方便、获得的纯度高、抗肿瘤作用安全性好而且特异性高。国内外学者已经预测和筛选了很多新的肿瘤抗原表位,有的已经进入了临床试验,本文就CTL表位多肽疫苗在抗肿瘤治疗中的最新研究进展及存在的问题的研究现状进行综述。

With the deeply study of the immune response mechanism,people have started to realize the immune response program is not the entire molecules,yet the MHC molecules of the amino acid peptide is the key point,which is CTL epitope. With the development of tumor immunotherapy,vaccine research based on a variety of tumor antigen epitopes has made great progress. Especially the CTL epitope peptide vaccine,it is a new generation of anti- hot topic tumor vaccine and mainly based on tumor- associated antigen or tumor- specific antigens to design. This vaccine can be synthesized and the preparation process,is simple and convenient,in addition,has an efficient anti- tumor effect and high specificity. Scholars have predicted and screened many new tumor antigen epitopes,and some of them have entered clinical trials. In this paper,we review the anti- tumor effect of CTL epitope peptide vaccine in the latest researches.