基因组工程在微生物细胞工厂构建中的应用进展

Application progress of genome engineering for construction of microbial cell factories

微生物细胞工厂是以可再生资源为原料,通过微生物细胞转化制备人类所需的能源、药物、化工原料等等,或者利用微生物治理日益恶化的环境。应用基因组工程改造目标微生物可以进一步提升其应用潜力,更好地解决当今所面临的健康、能源和环保等问题。简述了目前主要的基因组改造技术及其在构建大肠杆菌、酵母、链霉菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和乳酸菌细胞工厂中的应用研究进展。

Microbial cell factories（MCFs）apply microbial cells to transform renewable resources to produce energy, medicines, fine chemicals and so on, or to remedy for the environment. To modify the microorganisms by genome engineering can further improve the MCFs’application potentiality and resolve the healthy, energy and environmental issues faced by the society. This paper describes the main genome modification technology and its application in construction advnced MCFs based on Escherichia coli, yeast, Streptomyces, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacilli.