生物质降解酶生产菌株的育种和应用

Screening of cellulase hyper-producing strains and their application

虽然中国已经成为世界第二大经济体,但是依然面临着能源、资源和环境的挑战。石油资源面临枯竭,而且生物乙醇是可再生且碳中性的生物液体燃料,所以从生物质提取乙醇一直是中国政府支持的重点。在该工艺中,酶水解获得可发酵性糖是关键技术,而高产纤维素酶的微生物育种是核心,并且直接影响了整个工艺的生产成本。介绍了产纤维素酶的工业菌种,工业菌株的物理诱变、化学诱变以及基因工程改造,并且介绍了用生物质降解酶进行生物精炼的两个成功案例。

Although China becomes the world’ s second largest economy by nominal GDP, there are many problems, such as energy crisis, resource exhaustion and environmental pollution. Because the depletion of fossil fuels in the future and bioethanol is a renewable and carbon neutral alternative liquid fuel, bioethanol production from biomass was being supported by the Chinese government.Enzymatic hydrolysis for obtaining the fermentable sugar is a key method in bioethanol production process from biomass. Furthermore, screening strains with cellulase hypersecreting ability is a core technology that has a significant effect on production cost of biomass biorefinery. In this paper, we introduce the industrial microorganisms producing the cellulolytic enzyme, the physical and chemical mutagens, and genetic reconstruction of the industrial strains. Two successful cases of biomass biorefinery with cellulolytic enzyme are also stated.