浙江省毛笋干有害物质污染及健康风险评估

Contamination and health risk assessment of dried bamboo shoots in Zhejiang Province

对目前浙江省竹笋干中砷、铅、二氧化硫和农药残留污染现状及其食用风险进行研究,为国家或地方重新制定竹笋干有害污染物标准提供数据和依据。2013-2014年,采集浙江省市场上毛竹Phyllostachys edulis笋干(毛笋干)165份,分析其有害污染物质质量分数。结果表明:毛笋干样品中均未检测到农药残留,砷、铅和二氧化硫平均质量分数分别达0.09,0.42和10.58μg·g-1;从综合污染指数看,所有毛笋干均为安全等级;165份毛笋干中有害物质污染程度排序为铅>二氧化硫>砷;从目标危害系数(target hazard quotient,THQ)看,重金属砷和铅的最大值对人体具有潜在健康风险的可能,从总目标危险系数(QTTHQ)最大值看,毛笋干对人体有产生一定负面影响的可能;通过人体膳食摄入风险分析,浙江省毛笋干总体较安全,只有部分地区居民铅暴露量超出限量。

This study was conducted to determine the current level of heavy metal （ arsenic, lead）, sulfur diox-ide and pesticide residue pollution risks with dried edible bamboo shoots in Zhejiang Province and to provide hygienic standards. Dried bamboo shoots were collected at markets in Zhejiang Province from 2013 -2014. Analysis included a comprehensive pollution index for harmful pollutants, a target hazard quotient （ THQ）, and a human dietary intake risk analysis. Results showed no pesticide residues with an average content （in μg. g^-1） of arsenic（0.09）, lead（0.42）, and sulfur dioxide（10.58）. From the comprehensive pollution index, dried bam-boo shoots（Phyllostachys edulis） were within safe levels. The degree of contamination for harmful substances of 165 dried bamboo shoots was Pb〉 SO2 〉 As. The THQ revealed the possibility of human health risks with max-imum levels of As and Pb. From TTHQ, dried bamboo shoots may have a negative impact to the human body. The human dietary intake risk analysis showed that overall, dried bamboo shoots were safe in Zhejiang except resident exposure of Pb beyond recommended limits only in a few areas. [Ch, 7 tab. 22 ref.]