32例下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素分析及护理

Risk factors analysis of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis and related nursing measures in 32 patients

目的 了解住院患者深静脉血栓（DVT）发生的危险因素,探讨相关护理措施。方法 回顾性分析32例DVT患者临床资料和潜在危险因素。结果 除1例转外院行手术治疗外,31例均采取药物保守治疗。DVT危险因素评分量表（Autar评分表）评分≤10分者10例,11~14分者11例,≥15分者11例。DVT危险因素包括高龄、合并高危疾病、卧床、肥胖、外伤、外科干预等;32例患者常见合并疾病包括高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、房颤、感染、脑梗死等,其中合并≥3种疾病的25例（78.1%）。结论 重视DVT危险因素评分、提高护理人员DVT认知水平是提升护理内涵质量的关键,开展延续护理对降低长期卧床的患者DVT发生风险具有积极意义。

Objective To analysis the potential risk factors of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis （DVT） in 32 patients and to investigate related nursing measures. Methods To retrospec-tive analysis the clinical data and potential risk factors of DVT in 32 patients. Results Of 32 DVT pa-tients, one cases with surgical treatment and another 31 patients received conservative treatment with drug administration. In DVT risk assessment, 10 cases with of Autar DVT scale equal to or lesser than 10, 11 cases with Autar DVT scale between 11 and 14, and 11 cases with Autar DVT scale equal to or more than 15. The potential risk factors of DVT included aging, high risk diseases, staying in bed, o-besity, trauma, operational intervention, the common high risk diseases were hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, fibrillation, infection, cerebral infraction, and 78. 1% （25/32） patients suf-fered more than 2 types of high risk diseases mentioned above. Conclusion Paying more attention on Autar DVT scale and enhancing the cognitive level to DVT among nursing staff are key points to im-prove the quality of nursing. It is also important to carry out the continued nursing care for bedridden patients.