分类治理:精准扶贫政策的实践困境与重点方向——以湖北秭归县为例

Classification Management: the Problems in Practice and Focus Direction in Targeted Poverty Reduction Policies——Take Zigui County of Hubei Provence as an Example

精准扶贫是解决当前农村贫困问题的重要契机,然而在实践过程中,精准扶贫也遭遇着系列困境,主要表现为:扶贫政策要求的对贫困对象进行精准识别与基层实践中贫困户的非精准定位的矛盾,致使精准扶贫的功能发挥和实际效果受限,真正的贫困户难以受益;精准扶贫意欲在短时间内集聚各部门的项目资源,以便改善贫困村庄的生产生活条件及贫困户发展能力、发展机会缺乏的难题,这使得扶贫绩效难以取得突破性进展。因此,要想摆脱困境,精准扶贫的重点和用力方向理应是在坚持分类治理的基本原则下,重点支持那些有发展能力的贫弱家庭,同时也要充分发挥基层组织在贫困治理中的作用。

The targeted poverty reduction is a good solution to the current problems of rural poverty. But in the course of practice,The targeted poverty are also facing some problems： the policy requires an accurate recognition of poor objects while no objective and precise criteria exist in the recognition and locking of poor households which limits the targeted poverty reduction’s function and effect. The original intention of targeted poverty reduction is to collect project resources in a short time,so that the poor villages’ living and production conditions could be improved. However, it can’t improve the poor farmers’ developing capacity and opportunities. The accurate poverty alleviation is a long- term process,which should adhere to principle classification management in practice and support those vulnerable families who have more development capacity. In addition,the grass-roots organizations should play a bigger role on poverty reduction.