民间信仰、社会整合与地方秩序的生成——以关中风池村庙会为考察中心

Folk Beliefs,Society Integration and the Generation of Regional Order: Take the Temple Fair of Fengchi Village in Guanzhong Region as an Example

关中地区以"庙"与"会"为物质载体的民间信仰具有浓厚的地域气息,其核心特质表现为宗教信仰与世俗生活具有高度的互嵌性。通过对关中农村庙会的历史性考察和过程性分析发现,互嵌性的民间信仰在"建庙""过会"的过程中,一方面在宗教层面展现人与神的互构,从而实现社区内的资源再整合和价值再生产;另一方面在世俗层面展开人与人的互动,从而实现村庄的社区精英内整合和社会关联正强化。以庙会为中心产生的"四位一体"的社会整合不断地生产着具有内生性和主体性的地方秩序,从而为地域社会的持续稳定提供了有力保障。

The folk belief which takes the ＂temple＂and ＂fair＂as the material carrier in Guanzhong region has a strong local flavor. Its central trait is the religious belief embedded deeply in common customs life.Through a historical inspection and a processing analysis on the temple fair in Guanzhong region,this paper finds that the embedded-folk belief have two characteristics in the process of temple building and fair going. On the one hand,the community’s resource-integration and value-production are based mainly on the mutually construction between man and deity. On the other hand,the integration of social elite and positive social contacts of the village are based on an interpersonal interaction. These four forces affect each other and constantly reproduce the endogenous order and the subjectivity order,which can offer powerful safeguard for regional stability.