不同栽培模式对油茶幼林土壤肥力的影响

Effects of different cultivation models on soil fertility in young Camellia forest

为筛选出在生产上具有推广意义的油茶幼林经营模式,通过对油茶幼林套种豇豆、黄豆、绿豆、花生、圆叶决明和羽叶决明6种豆科作物,探讨种植豆科作物对油茶幼林不同深度土壤肥力的影响,并运用灰色关联分析法对不同栽培模式下的土壤理化性质进行相关分析。结果表明,油茶幼林套种豆科作物可有效降低不同深度土层的土壤容重,提高土壤总孔隙度、排水能力和最大持水量,同时不同深度土层有机质、全氮、全钾、全磷、速效氮、速效钾、速效磷的含量均有不同程度提高,其中速效氮含量提高12.18%~32.96%,速效钾含量提高6.58%~56.58%,速效磷含量提高1.95%~78.12%。综合考虑,油茶+圆叶决明模式对改善土壤物理特性和土壤养分的效果最好,其次是油茶+豇豆模式和油茶+羽叶决明模式。

In order to screen out the Camellia forest management models to promote yield,soil fertility at different depths layer were explored in the young Camellia forest interplanting with Vigna sesquipedalis,Glycine max（Linn.） Merr.,Vigna radiata（Linn.）Wilczek,Arachis hypogaea Linn.,Cassia rotundifolia Pers and Chamaecrista nictitans,and the grey relationgal analysis was used to analyze the effects of interplanting models on soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the young Camellia forest interplanting with leguminous plants can reduce soil bulk density at different depths layer,improve soil total porosity,drainage capacity and maximum moisture capacity,content of organic matter,total N,total K,total P,available N,available K and available P in different depths layer were improved in different level,and available N content increased by 12. 18% ~ 32. 96%,available K content increased by 6. 85% ~ 56. 58%,available P content increased by 1. 95% ~ 78. 12%. Among them,Camellia ＋Cassia rotundifolia Pers is the best model to improve soil physical properties and soil nutrient effect,and followed by the model of Camellia＋Vigna sesquipedalis or Chamaecrista nictitans.