复合液腔高灵敏度水听器

A high sensitivity hydrophone with composite fluid cavity

探索新的换能器结构是提高换能器性能的主要途径之一。设计了一种利用液腔结构提高接收灵敏度的水听器,称为复合液腔水听器。该水听器用压电陶瓷圆管作为敏感材料,并将其放在一个底部开孔的金属圆桶内。在流体中,开孔圆桶形成两个频率不同的液腔谐振模态,并与压电陶瓷圆管的径向谐振模态衔接在一起,形成具有一定带宽的高接收灵敏度频段。采用有限元方法对水听器进行了优化设计并研制了水听器样机。水池测试结果表明,该水听器样机在1.5 k Hz～11.5 k Hz频率范围内灵敏度保持在-185 d B以上,比传统的压电陶瓷圆管水听器结构具有显著优势。

To explore new transducer structure is one of the main methods to improve the performances of transducer.A hydrophone is designed who uses fluid cavity structure to improve the receiving sensitivity,called composite fluid cavity hydrophone.The hydrophone adopts a piezoelectric ceramic tube as its sensitive material who is placed in a metal barrel with a circle hole at the bottom.When it is put in fluid,the metal barrel provides two fluid cavity resonances in different frequency.And the fluid cavity resonances will combine the radial resonance of the ceramic tube,forming a certain high sensitivity spectrum.The hydrophone is optimized by finite element method.Prototype is developed subsequently.The measured results show that the prototype obtains a high receiving sensitivity above-185 d B within the scope of 1.5 k Hz to 11.5 k Hz.The research reveals that the composite fluid cavity hydrophone has a significant advantage in receiving sensitivity comparing to the piezoelectric ceramic tube hydrophone with traditional structure.