基于节水的北京设施蔬菜生产效率及其对策研究

Studies on Efficiency of Facility Vegetable Production Considering the Watersaving in Beijing and Its Development Countermeasures

基于北京市郊区县设施蔬菜用水现状与农户节水行为的调研,采用DEA方法对采用节水技术的北京设施蔬菜投入产出效率进行了评价。结果显示,基于节水的京郊设施蔬菜生产效率为0.900,处于较高水平,但设施黄瓜和设施茄子仍存在10.212%、0.285%的节水提升潜力;基于膜下滴灌、水肥一体化、畦灌等技术设施蔬菜生产已发挥最佳投入产出的配置效率,但基于沟灌、膜下沟灌、膜下微喷的设施蔬菜仍存在2.902%、12.162%和2.792%的节水提升潜力。结论表明,不同的设施蔬菜品种、节水技术选择对于设施蔬菜生产效率存在差异性,通过调整结构和创新技术,可提升设施蔬菜节水效率。

In order to investigate the input-output efficiency of facility vegetable production considering the water-saving in Beijing,this paper used DEA model to evaluate the production efficiency based on the survey of water usage status of facility vegetable and water-saving behavior of farmer households in outskirts of Beijing.The results showed that the input-output efficiency of facility vegetable production considering the watersaving in outskirts of Beijing was 0.900,which was at a higher level,but there were 10.212%,0.285% watersaving potential in facility cucumber and eggplant production.The facility vegetable production had displayed a best configuration status based on the application of drip irrigation,integration of water and fertilizer, and border irrigation technology,but there were still 2.902%,12.162% and 2.792% water-saving potential,based on the application of furrow irrigation,furrow irrigation under membrane,and membrane micro spray technology in facility vegetable production.All these conclusions indicated that different facility vegetable varieties,and watersaving technology could bring about different efficiency.The water-saving efficiency of vegetable production would be improved by structure adjustment and technology innovation.