孟子“人禽之辨”思想片论

The Piece of Theory on Discrimination between Human and Animals of Mencius

孟子是先秦时期第一个关注"人禽之辨"的思想家,"人禽之辨"思想强调了人与动物之间的差异性,突出了人对于动物的优越性,丰富和发展了有关人的定义,但这种唯道德论的主张导致了普遍伪善的发生,阻碍了人的全面而自由地发展。人与动物之间确实存在着差异,但这种差异只是发展方向和发展程度上的不同,这种不同只是量的差异,而不是质的不同。如果以这样的观点来看待"人禽之辨",我们不仅能认识到"人禽之异",还能认识到"人禽之同",无论是对于人,还是对于动物,我们都将会有一个全面和全新的认识。

Mencius is the first person in the pre-qin period to pay attentions to distinction between human and animal. The thought ofdistinction between human and animal emphasized the differences between people and animals highlight the superiority of the people overanimals, enriched and developed the definition about people, but the moralism led to the widespread of hypocrisy, hindered the comprehensive and free development of people. The differences between people and animals do exist, but the difference only exist in the development direction and degree, the differences lie in quantity, but not quality. In this way we could not only realize the distinction betweenhuman and animals, but also realize the common between human and animal.