论现代马克思主义政治经济学的人性基础

On the Human Nature Basis of Modern Marxist Political Economics

马克思主义为揭示人性的本质提供了真正科学的方法。劳动使人类最终脱离了动物界,并使人结成一定的社会关系。在这个过程中,人类的自我意识和成就感逐渐产生和发展起来,需要的层次不断提升,行为动机呈现多向性,为利他主义的形成提供了可能性。这种可能性在一定的社会历史条件下会转化为现实性,并且在文明的、可持续发展的社会经济制度中呈现出不可替代的必要性。2008年开始爆发的西方经济危机再次证明西方主流经济学关于资本主义制度下利己会导致利他的"和谐社会"不可持续,我们应当以马克思主义为指导,科学分析经济学的人性基础以实现对经济学理论的重构,以指导我国的社会主义市场经济实践。

Marxism provides a scientific way to reveal the essence of human nature. Labor separates mankind finally from the animal world, which further gets people formed a certain social relations. During this process, human self-awareness and a sense of accomplishment is produced and developed gradually, also the hierarchy of needs is improved constantly, behavior motivation presents diversity,all of the above-mentioned aspects offer possibilities for the formation of altruism. This possibility will change into reality in certain social historical conditions,as well as presents the necessity of irreplaceable in a civilized and sustainable development of social economic system. The western economic crisis in 2008 once again proved that the western mainstream economics in terms of self-interest under the capitalist system would lead to the altruism,resulting in the unsustainable of ＂harmonious society＂. So in order to achieve the reconstruction of economic theory and guide the socialist market economic practice,we should take the Marxism as guideline and analyze the human nature of economics scientifically.