清代临安府瑶族宗教仪式中的汉地道教元素——以S3451号文本之“关告科”与“开解科”为例

The Daoist Elements in the Religious Rituals of the Yao People in Lin-an Prefecture of the Qing Dynasty——Taking the “Guangao Ritual” and the “Kaijie Ritual” of the Scripture S3451 as Examples

以收藏于英国牛津大学伯德雷恩(Bodleian)图书馆的S3451号瑶族宗教经本为例,将其中的"关告科"与"开解科"两节仪式与汉地道教的科仪文本相较发现:无论是从神学观念还是从仪式程序、具体环节来看,瑶族的宗教仪式皆有着浓厚的汉地道教色彩,实际上是对汉地道教斋醮科仪的一种"借用"。通过这种考察,可以确证瑶族宗教仪式中的汉地道教元素,有助于深化学界关于瑶族宗教的认识。

Taking the scripture S3451 of the Yao nationality collected by the Bodleian Library of Oxford University as an example, the author introduces its ＂Guangao Ritual＂ and ＂Kaijie Ritual＂ and compares them with those rituals recorded in the Daoist scriptures. The author discovers many details of the orthodox Daoist elements in these Yao＇s rituals, either in the theological ideas they demonstrated, or concerning the ritual procedures. In a way, these Yao＇s rituals have borrowed extensively from the rituals of the orthodox Daoism.Through the investigation of this paper, we can confirm the elements of the orthodox Daoism in the Yao nationality, and help people better understand the Yao＇s religion.