浙江省肢体残疾人生活质量及心理健康状况调查

An investigation on the life quality and mental health status of the disabled people in Zhejiang Province

目的了解浙江省肢体残疾人的生活质量和心理健康状况,为改善肢体残疾人生活质量提供依据。方法对浙江省残疾人联合会登记在册的950名肢体残疾人采用入户调查方式进行问卷调查和访谈。问卷包括简明生活质量量表(SF-36)和一般健康问卷(GHQ-28)的焦虑和抑郁量表,对肢体残疾人的生理和心理健康状况进行客观评分。通过访谈收集肢体残疾人的基本信息和其他生活状况等。结果共回收有效问卷907份,有效应答率为95.47%。肢体残疾人SF-36量表总得分中位数为60.89分,焦虑和抑郁得分均≥4分。生活质量各维度及焦虑、抑郁量表得分在性别上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),在残疾等级上差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。生活质量总分与焦虑、抑郁得分均呈负相关(rs=-0.626、-0.639,P﹤0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛和一般健康是肢体残疾人焦虑的影响因素(均P﹤0.05);生理职能、躯体疼痛和一般健康是抑郁的影响因素(均P﹤0.05)。结论肢体残疾人生活质量较差,且普遍存在焦虑、抑郁等心理问题,其生理状况可直接影响焦虑、抑郁状况。

Objective To learn the quality of life（ QOL） and mental health status of the physically disabled people in Zhejiang Province,in order to provide evidence for improving the quality of life and mental health of the physically disabled people.Methods Using questionnaires and interviews to make household surveys of 950 physically disabled people. The questionnaire included the brief quality of life scale（ SF- 36） and the general health questionnaire（ GHQ- 28） in the anxiety and depression scale,physical and mental health status. The basic information and other living conditions of physically disabled people were collected through interviews. Results A total of 907 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the effective response rate was95. 47%. Scores of QOL of 907 physically disabled people was 60. 89,and anxiety and depression scores were more than 4 points and there was a high score on anxious and depression. The scores of quality of life,anxiety and depression were not statistically significant between males and females（ P〈0. 05）. There were significant differences in all dimensions of SF- 36 and anxiety and depression in different levels of physically disabled people（ P ﹤ 0. 01）. There was a significant negative correlation between the quality of life and anxiety and depression in physically disabled people（ rs=- 0. 626、- 0. 639,P ﹤ 0. 01）. The multiple linear regression showed that physiological function,role physical,physical pain and general health were the influencing factors of anxiety of the physically disabled people,and role physical,physical pain and general health were the influencing factors of depression of the physically disabled people. Conclusion The quality of life of physically disabled people were comparably poor,and presented anxiety,depression and other psychological problems. Physical function status directly affects the quality of life and mental health status.