港湾式公交站车辆延误估算模型

An Estimated Model of Residence Time of Buses at Bay Stations

公交停靠站车辆延误是影响车站效率的主要因素。为了合理地规划设计公交停靠站,以路中港湾式公交站为例,运用排队论、运动学等原理,建立车辆延误分阶段、分情形的数学估算模型,给出公交车辆在停靠站的延误时间计算方法。通过模型的仿真验证,结果表明,公交车在站台的相对停驶位置导致车辆的平均进站时间略大于出站时间;相较于乘客数,分泊位的延误时间随公交到达率的变化更为明显;需等待进站的公交车辆,其过站时间随公交到达率的增加而增加,且以出站是否需要等待划分的2种情形之间的差距愈来愈小。延误估算模型能够计算公交车辆停靠站延误时间,为公交停靠站的规划与设计提供有效依据。

Residence time of buses at bay stations is the main factor of influencing efficiencies of bus stations.In order to rationally design bus stations,taking bay stations at mid-blocks as a case study,with queuing theory and kinematics principles,an estimated model of residence time of buses at bay stations in different situations is established,and a calculation method of residence time is also given.The simulation results show that the average time of bus getting in station is slightly larger than that of exiting due to relative position at one platform.Compared to the number of passengers getting on or off buses,arrival rate of buses has more evident influence to residence time.For one bus waiting for getting in one station,its residence time increases with the increase of arrival rate,and time gap between two kinds of situations（the bus need to wait for a while to exit the station,or not）becomes smaller.This model provides effective reference to plan and design bus stations and improves efficiency of bus systems.