长期食用黄豆对小鼠肠道微生物的影响研究

Effect of Long-Term Consumption of Soybean on the Intestinal Microbiota of Mice

目的探究长期食用黄豆对小鼠肠道微生物的影响,为日常膳食营养提供依据。方法先将小鼠按照年龄分为1月龄(幼年)、6月龄(中年)、9月龄(老年)组,每组再按照随机数字表分为对照组、1∶1组、1∶2组和1∶4组,对照组给予标准饲料喂养,1∶1组、1∶2组和1∶4组分别将基础饲料与黄豆按1∶1、1∶2和1∶4关系配比进行饲养。喂养4个月后,采集小鼠盲肠段内容物进行微生物分析。结果 1月龄小鼠食用不同比例的黄豆后,与对照组比较,肠道细菌总数、乳酸菌数、双歧杆菌数和大肠杆菌数均下降明显(P<0.01);6月龄小鼠1∶2组的肠道细菌总数、乳酸菌数、双岐杆菌数和大肠杆菌数远远高于其余各组(P<0.01);9月龄小鼠食用不同比例的黄豆后,肠道细菌总数下降,且食用较高比例的黄豆,肠道乳酸菌数、双岐杆菌数和大肠杆菌数与对照组比较,下降明显(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论不同年龄段食用不同比例黄豆对肠道微生物的影响不同,6月龄食用1∶2黄豆最佳。

Objective To explore the impact of long-term consumption of soybean on the intestinal microbial, and to pro-vide a basis for the daily diet. Methods The mice were divided into three groups of 1 month old （infancy）, 6 months old （mid-dle aged） and 9 months old （old age） according to the age, and each group was randomly divided into control group, 1：1 group, 1：2 group and 1：4 group. The control group was fed a standard diet, 1：1,1：2 and 1：4 group were fed by 1：1,1：2 and 1：4 ratio of basic feed and soybean, respectively. After feeding for 4 months, the content of the microorganism in cecum was col-lected and analyzed. Results After feeding different proportion of soybean in 1 month old mice, the total number of bacteri- a, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and E.coli decreased significantly （P〈0.01）; In 6 months old mice, the number of intestinal bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and E.coli of 1 -2 group was far higher than that of the other groups; After eat-ing different proportions of soybeans of 9 months old mice, the total number of intestinal bacteria decreased, and with the higher proportion of soybean, the number of Lactobacillusy Bifidobacterium and E.coli decreased significantly （P〈0.01, P〈 0.05）. Conclusion The effects of different proportions of soybean on the intestinal microflora was different in different age groups, the proportion of 1：2 soybean is the best in 6 months old mice.