宁德市地温特征及与早稻产量的关系

The ground temperature characteristics and its relationship to the yields of early maturing rice in Ningde City

利用1980-2014年宁德市9个观测站地温等观测资料, 采用回归分析法和气候倾向估计等统计诊断方法, 研究近 35 a宁德市地温、气温变化特征及与早稻产量的关系.结果表明： 月平均地温比月平均气温基本上要高1-4℃ , 其中上半 年 1-6 月随着月份增大, 月平均地温与月平均气温之差呈增大趋势;下半年7-12月随着月份增大, 其温差则呈减小趋 势.年和季平均地温的年际变化几乎都呈上升趋势.宁德早稻产量增减率与6月孕穗抽穗期的平均地温呈正相关, 即孕 穗抽穗期平均地温呈升温趋势, 早稻产量有增产趋势, 反之, 有减产趋势.孕穗抽穗期平均地温变化对早稻产量预测有一定的参考意义.

Modern statistical methods such as regression analysis and climate tendency estimation were used to analyze the observed ground and air temperature data from nine meteorological stations in Ningde City during the past 35 years （ 1980 to 2014） and to study how the grand temperature characteristics relates to the yields of early maturing rice. The results showed that monthly average ground temperature was 1-4℃ higher than the monthly average air temperature. During the first half of the year, the difference between monthly average ground and air temperatures tended to increase from Januaral to June. From July to December, however, the difference between monthly average ground and air temperatures tended to decrease. Both annual and seasonal average of ground temperatures had been increasing year after year. In Ningde City, the yield of early maturing rice was positively related to the average ground temperature at the booting and heading stages in June. In other words, when the average ground temperature showed a wanning tendency at the booting and heading stage, the yield of early maturing rice tended to increase, or vice versa. Therefore, changes of average ground temperature at booting and heading stages can be used as a reference when one predicts the yield of early maturing rice.