《近代汉语词典》:汉语词汇研究史上的里程碑

A Landmark in the history of Chinese lexicological studies: A review of A Dictionary of Early-modern Chinese

"近代汉语"指的是从唐五代至清中叶千年左右的汉语言,《近代汉语词典》以呈现该历史时期的汉语词汇演变轨迹为目标,收词完备,系统性强,树立了汉语词汇研究史上一块新的里程碑。该词典在收词和义项处理上,主要从三个方面体现出明确的汉语词汇史观,即收词体现汉语词汇的历史系统性;释义更精准,符合词义发展的历史规律;义项排列体现词义演变轨迹。在编纂体例上,词典进一步践行词汇史观,具备三大特色:同声符的同音词连排,展现词形上的历史演变轨迹;部分专名用字保留异体、繁体字形,尊重历史词的原有风貌;用"同""即""犹"的参见形式,呈现词形之间的共时与历时演变关系。

By early-modern Chinese,we refer to the Chinese language during the two thousand years from the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties to the mid-Qing Dynasty. Aiming at presenting the trajectory of Chinese lexical evolution in this historical period,A Dictionary of Early-modern Chinese,with its exhaustive and systematic entry coverage,sets up a new landmark in the history of Chinese lexicological studies. It is characterized by three salient features:systematic in entry coverage,more accurate entry definitions,and meaning item arrangement showing the trajectory of word meaning evolution. The dictionary also has three more features in the style of compilation. Homonyms with the same phonetic components are arranged together to display the morphological evolution of the word across history,the variant and traditional forms of some words are retained to show respect to the original forms of the words in history,and the effective reference system the dictionary employs presents the diachronic and synchronic relations between word forms.