基于三港口竞合的定价策略研究

Research on Pricing Strategy Based on Co-opetition among the Three Ports

文中通过建立同一区域内三港口竞合模型对三港口不同联合情形下的定价策略进行了探讨。根据三个港口之间联合方式的不同,运用Bertrand博弈模型求解各港口的最优定价使得各港口实现各自的利润最大化,并在此基础上对各港口的需求、利润、区域内消费者剩余和社会福利进行了研究。研究表明:当港口间进行联合时,港口服务价格的适当调高有利于区域内港口总利润的增加,但并非对每个港口都有利;港口间的联合会使区域内的消费者剩余减少,因此,港口应该在联合时对消费者适当让利。

This paper discusses the pricing strategy of the three ports, under different joint conditions, by setting up the three ports competing model in the same area. According to the different ways of joint between the three ports, we use Bertrand game model to solve the optimal pricing of each port to maximize the profits of each port, and explore the changes of demand, profits,consumer surplus and social welfare on the basis. Our study shows that when three ports are joint,the appropriate increase of port price is conducive to increase in the regions total port profits,but it is not beneficial for each port; the union of ports will reduce consumer surplus,so the port should give up some profits for consumers.