红小豆不同组织及根际土壤水浸提液对小麦幼苗生长的影响

Effect of Aqueous Extract of Different Organs and Rhizosphere Soil of Adzuki Bean on Growth of Wheat Seedling

以小麦幼苗为受体作物,采用培养钵沙培法,研究不同质量浓度(0、10、40、160 g/L)红小豆根、茎、叶、根际土壤水浸提液对小麦幼苗生长的化感差异,为构建高效合理的红小豆—小麦轮作模式提供科学依据。结果表明,红小豆不同组织及根际土壤水浸提液对小麦幼苗生长的影响因化感物质的来源部位不同而存在差异。根水浸提液对小麦幼苗株高、幼叶长均表现出低质量浓度促进、高质量浓度抑制的作用,对小麦幼苗根长、侧根数及地下部干质量均表现为低质量浓度抑制、高质量浓度促进的作用;根际土壤、茎、叶水浸提液均对小麦幼苗株高、幼叶长具有抑制作用,并随质量浓度增加抑制作用逐渐加强;根际土壤、茎、叶水浸提液对小麦幼苗侧根数表现出低质量浓度抑制、高质量浓度促进的作用,茎水浸提液对小麦幼苗根长表现出低质量浓度促进、高质量浓度抑制的作用,而根际土壤水浸提液对小麦幼苗根长表现出促进效应。在水浸提液质量浓度较低(10、40 g/L)时,红小豆根、根际土壤水浸提液提高了小麦幼苗叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和叶绿素含量,降低了幼苗的丙二醛(MDA)含量和根系活力;在水浸提液质量浓度较高(160 g/L)时,红小豆茎、叶水浸提液显著降低了小麦幼苗的叶绿素含量,显著升高了小麦幼苗叶片的SOD活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性。红小豆不同组织及根际土壤水浸提液对小麦幼苗的化感综合效应表现为叶>茎>土>根。

To provide scientific basis for the construction of efficient adzuki bean-wheat rotation mode wheat , seedling were used as the receptor plants to study the allelopathic effects of adzuki bean aqueous extracts from different organs and rhizosphere soil at different concentrations（0,10 ,40,160 g /L ） . The re -sults indicated that , the allelopathic effects of adzuki bean aqueous extracts from different organs and rhi-zosphere soil on the growth of wheat seedlings were different. The effect of root aqueous extracts presented promotion in lower concentrations and inhibition at higher concentrations on the growth of height and young leaf length of wheat seedling, inhibition in low concentrations and promotion at high concentrations on the growth of root length, the number of lateral roots and under-ground dry weigh of wheat seedling ; the effect of rhizosphere soil , stem and leaf aqueous extracts presented inhibition on the on the growth of height and young leaf length of wheat seedling, and the effect increased with the increase of aqueous ex-tracts concentration ; the effect of rhizosphere so il , stem and leaf aqueous extracts presented inhibition in low concentrations and promotion at high concentrations on the number of lateral roots; the effect of stem aqueous extracts presented promotion in lower concentrations and inhibition at higher concentrations on the root length ; the effect of rhizosphere soil aqueous extracts presented promotion on the root length. When the concentration of aqueous extracts were lower（10,40 g/L） ,the root and rhizosphere soil aque-ous extracts increased the activity of superoxide dismutase （ SOD ） and content of chlorophyll, at the same time,reduced the malonaldehyde（ MDA） content and root activity; when the concentration of aqueous ex-tracts were higher（160 g/L） ,the stem and leaf aqueous extracts inhibited the content of the chlorophyll, significantly increased the activities of SOD, peroxide enzyme （POD） . As to the synthetic inhibiting effects of aqueous extracts, the order was leaf 〉 stem 〉 rhizosphere soil 〉 root.