线粒体功能指标在辅助生殖技术中的应用

The Application of Mitochondrial Function Index in Assisted Reproductive Techniques

细胞核、细胞质同步发育的卵母细胞是辅助生殖技术(ART)获得成功的关键因素之一。线粒体是为细胞活动提供能量的细胞器,可作为衡量细胞质成熟的标志,大量证据显示了线粒体在卵母细胞发育与ART中的重要作用。体现线粒体功能的指标包括线粒体DNA拷贝数、线粒体结构与分布、线粒体跨膜电位、ATP水平及活性氧簇(ROS)等。ART可对这些指标产生影响。多项措施可改善线粒体功能,例如线粒体移植、极体移植和使用线粒体营养剂等。利用线粒体异体移植及自体移植技术已分别成功产生子代,α硫辛酸、白藜芦醇、左旋肉碱和辅酶Q10等线粒体营养剂也已在临床投入使用。

It is important for assisted reproductive techniques（ART） to choose oocytes with the synchronous development of nucleus and cytoplasm. Mitochondria are cellular organelles that are required for energy production. More and more evidence demonstrated that mitochondria played important roles in oocyte development and reproduction. Mitochondria could be used for measuring the quality of oocyte cytoplasm. The indicators of mitochondria include mitochondria DNA copy number, mitochondria structure and distribution,mitochondrial transmembrane potential, ATP level and ROS level. ART can affect the mitochondria indicators.There are the plenty of ways to protect oocyte mitochondria and improve mitochondrial function, such as mitochondria transplant, polar body transplant, using mitochondria nutrients and so on. There were some successful fertility cases of the mitochondrial transplantation with the allograft or autoplastic mitochondria.Mitochondria nutrients including alpha lipoic acid（ALA）, resveratrol, L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 have been used in clinic.