L-茶氨酸对育肥猪生长性能和血液生化指标影响的研究

Effect of the L-theanine on growth performance, serum biochemistry and immune factors in finishing pigs

试验旨在探究L-茶氨酸对育肥猪生长性能、血液生化指标及免疫因子的影响。选择育肥猪72头[(60.0±2.0)kg],随机分为4组,每组18个重复。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮,试验1、2、3组分别在基础日粮中添加200、500 mg/kg和1 000 mg/kg L-茶氨酸,试验期37 d。结果表明:1与对照组相比,试验3组的平均日增重和日采食量均显著增加(P<0.05),试验1、2组无显著差异(P>0.05);2与对照组相比,三个试验组血液中的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、白蛋白(ALB)和血糖(GLU)水平无显著性变化(P>0.05),试验2组和试验3组血液总蛋白(TP)水平显著升高(P<0.05);3与对照组相比,三个试验组丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平无显著性差异,试验3组的皮质醇(COR)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)均显著降低(P<0.05),试验2组的皮质醇(COR)显著降低(P<0.05);4与对照组相比,试验2、3组的免疫球蛋白G(IgG)水平显著增加(P<0.05),白介素因子10(IL-10)的水平显著降低(P<0.05),免疫球蛋白A、M(IgA、IgM)的水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加1 000 mg/kg的L-茶氨酸可增强育肥猪血液抗氧化和免疫能力,促进育肥猪生长。

This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of L-theanine on growth performance, serum biochemistry and immune level in finishing pigs. Seventy-two finishing pigs were randomized in four groups, each group had 18 replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet containing 0% L-theanine and the remaining groups added 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1 000 mg/kg L-theanine in the basal diet for 37 days. The results showed that： 1 Compared with the control group, ADG, ADFI of 1 000 mg/kg L-theanine adding group were significantly increased（P〈0.05）, while 200 and 500 mg/kg L-theanine adding groups had no significant difference（P〉0.05）; 2 Compared with the control group, the serum total protein of 500 and 1 000 mg/kg L-theanine adding groups were significantly increased（P〈0.05）,serum ALT, AST and GLU of experimental groups had no significant difference（P〉0.05）; 3 Compared with the control group, serum MDA, GSHPx of experimental groups had no significant difference（P〉0.05）, COR and ALP of 1 000 mg/kg L-theanine adding group were significantly reduced（P〈0.05）; 4 Compared with the control group, the IgG of 500 and 1 000 mg/kg L-theanine adding groups were significantly improved（P〈0.05）, but the IL-10 was significantly reduced（P〈0.05）, the IgA and IgM were not significantly different（P〉0.05）. In conclusion, adding 1 000 mg/kg L-theanine in diets can enhance blood antioxidant and immune ability, improve the growth performance of finishing pigs.