16S rDNA扩增子测序揭示长期定位秸秆还田对土壤细菌群落的影响

Illumina Amplicon Sequencing of 16S rDNA Tag Reveals Bacteria Community Development of Long-term Straw Returning Soil

为探究典型的长期定位秸秆还田耕作模式对土壤微生物多样性的影响以及土地施肥变化与生态环境效应之间的关系,利用连续进行6年的长期定位秸秆还田试验,采用16S r DNA扩增子测序技术,分析土壤细菌群落结构组成的情况。结果表明,土壤长期施入秸秆和有机肥可提升土壤细菌群落多样性及物种丰富度。秸秆还田后土壤中细菌优势种群为变形杆菌和酸杆菌。主成分分析显示,各处理间微生物种类及含量有明显差别。WC与WCN处理N、P、K等速效养分含量有明显差别。WCN处理中的N、P、K等速效养分,有机碳含量与蔗糖酶、脲酶、纤维素酶活性显著高于WC。秸秆还田施用氮肥显著增加土壤养分含量,增强土壤酶活性,有利于土壤细菌群落的多样性和稳定性的提高,改善土壤生态环境,从而促进作物增产。

In order to explore the influence of the typical long term orientation of straw returning to field on soil microbial diversity and the relationship between soil microbial diversity and ecological environment effect,using16 S r DNA PCR sequencing technology,continuous 6 years of long term positioning of straw to field test,analysis of the composition of soil bacterial community structure.The results showed that soil microbial community diversity and species richness could be promoted after long-term fertilization of straw and organic fertilizer.The dominant species of bacteria in the soil after straw returning to field were the deformation of the Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria.Principal component analysis that significant differences in the types and contents of microorganisms among different treatments.WC and WCN treatment of N,P,K and other available nutrient content was significantly different.WCN treatment in the N,P,K and other available nutrients,organic carbon content and invertase,urease,cellulase activity was significantly higher than WC.The application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase the soil nutrient content and enhance the soil enzyme activity,conducive to the improvement of soil is bacterial community diversity and stability,and improve the ecological environment of soil,so as to promote the increase of crop yield.