明初铁岭卫事件再考察——兼论明朝的东北边疆观及其反作用

Re-examine the incident of Tieling Garrison in the Early Period of Ming Dynasty

明初的铁岭卫事件是学界讨论已久的事件。其争鸣的焦点主要是铁岭卫初设地的位置何在。目前最新观点是"辽东奉集县旧铁岭城初设位置及非移动"说。此前的诸多观点,皆有可疑之处。明朝设置铁岭卫是为了明确与高丽以鸭绿江为界的初衷。但因明、丽双方"误会"叠生,以致酿成严重的后果。这是由于除偶然因素外,双方还于事前缺乏信任,以及在疆土所有意识上存在反差。事实上,作为宗主国的明朝基于传统"天下"思想的"包容"性的东北边疆观,在铁岭卫事件中有直接的体现,也成为历史上中朝疆界形成的一个重要根源。

The incident of Tieling garrison in the early period of Ming dynasty was the most import incident in the academic discussion for a long time.It was discussed mainly about the location that the Tieling garrison was set for the first time.At present,the latest idea about the Tieling garrison at the beginning of its position was in the old Tieling city,which was not moved.There was suspicious about previous many viewpoint.The Ming dynasty＇s purpose of setting the Tieling garrison for showing the Yalu river border with Goryeo dynasty.But because of the two sides＇ misunderstand,the incident bred serious consequences.This was because in addition to the accidental factors,both sides also lacked of trust in advance,and existed contrast in the territory consciousness.In fact,the Ming dynasty,as a suzerain,its northeast frontier view as ＂tolerationism＂based on the traditional concept of＂China or the world＂,which directly reflected in the incident of Tieling garrison,and also become an important source about forming the Sino-Korean boundary rivers in history.