云纹石斑鱼仔、稚、幼鱼的形态观察

Morphological observation on the larva,juvenile and young of Epinephelus moara

为丰富云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)的基础生物学资料,对云纹石斑鱼早期发育阶段的形态变化进行了观察,对各时期的形态特征与生态习性进行了描述,并详细记录了各时期全长、口裂、第2背鳍棘和腹鳍棘的变化.根据卵黄囊和油球的消失、鳍膜的消退、第2背鳍棘和腹鳍棘的伸缩、鳞片的生长及色素的变化把云纹石斑鱼早期发育阶段胚后发育分为仔鱼期(包括早期仔鱼和晚期仔鱼)、稚鱼期和幼鱼期.在水温26.71±1.26℃的培育条件下,仔鱼4日龄开口摄食;至6日龄,卵黄囊和油球消失,进入晚期仔鱼期;至29日龄,鳍膜消失,进入稚鱼期;至41日龄,鳞片开始长出,至59日龄,稚鱼全身覆盖鳞片,完成变态,进入早期幼鱼期.并发现在生态幅范围内提高培育水温,可以提高生长效率,加快育苗速度.

To enrich the basic biology information of E. moara,morphological features of early development stage of the fish was observed and described with ecological habit of different stages. Also,the changes of total length,oral fissure,the 2nd dorsal fin spine and the pelvic fin spine were recorded in detail. The post embryonic development of E. moara is divided into stages of early larva and late larva,of juvenile and of young fish according to the changes of the yolk sac,fin membrane,the 2nd dorsal fin spine,the pelvic fin spine,scales,and pigment of the fish.It is found that larva start to feed after age of 4 days in condition of water temperature 26. 71 ± 1. 26℃. After 6days,the yolk sac and oil ball of the larva absorb and disappear,then the larva develope into late larvae stage. After 29 days,fin membrane of fish disappears and fish develops into juvenile stage. After 41 days,scales appear on the fish body. After 59 days,the whole body of fish has covered with scales,completing the metamorphosis and developing into young fish stage. In addition,we also found that raising the cultivation temperature in the ecological amplitude could improve the growth efficiency,and speed up the seedling of E. moara.