《红楼梦》与《聊斋志异》联系初考

A Preliminary Research on the Relationship between“Honglou Meng”and“Liao Zhai Zhi Yi”

《红楼梦》与《聊斋志异》两部名著,代表了中国古典小说长篇和短篇两座高峰。两部名著之间是有联系的,有些学者进行了一定研究,但都囿于《红楼梦》的作者是乾隆时期的曹雪芹而不够深入。两部名著的作者对明清鼎革有着深切独特的体验并在作品中有所体现,比如,都讽刺了降清变节的洪承畴;都赋予了林四娘故事相同的感情色彩;都站在汉族的立场上,表现出了明显反对满清的思想倾向。两部小说在内容方面的联系从某些角度能够说明两位作者所处的时代相差不远。而《聊斋志异》的作者蒲松龄的生活和写作时代是比较明确的,因此,通过两部小说之间的联系来考证《红楼梦》的原作者,是解决《红楼梦》作者问题的一个比较具有说服力的切入点。

Famous classical Chinese masterpieces＂Honglou Meng＂and＂Liao Zhai Zhi Yi＂represent two highest peaks of Chinese classical novels and short stories. There are links between the two masterpieces which some scholars have carried out certain researches. But these researches are confined to the not wholly convincing view that the author of＂Honglou Meng＂is Cao Xueqin in the Qianlong dynasty and not deep enough.The authors of two famous works have a profound unique experience for the change of Ming and Qing Dynasties,which is embodied in the works. For example,two works satirized Hong Chengchou as a surrender and renegade,had the same feeling for the story of Lin Siniang（Forth Sister Lin）,showed a clear ideological tendency to oppose the Manchu dynasty in the Han＇s position. We can find that the times in which the two authors liv-ed are not far from one other according to the relationship between the contents of the two works in some ways. The author of＂Liao Zhai Zhi Yi＂-Pu Songling＇s life and writing time are relatively clear. Therefore,it is a persuasive entry point in the process of solution to the problem of the authorship of＂Honglou Meng＂through exploring the links between the two masterpieces.