2种丛生竹生长季竹秆表皮解剖特性研究

The Research on Anatomical Characteristics of Stem Epidermis of 2 Sympodial Bamboos During the Growing Season

研究2种丛生竹青皮竹与慈竹竹秆表皮在生长发育过程中各层细胞的形态、大小等解剖特性的变化规律以及栓质细胞和硅质细胞的发育状况。结果表明:2种丛生竹表皮的3层细胞在生长发育过程中逐渐增大,细胞间排列从松散到紧密,从基部到顶部细胞逐渐减小;青皮竹第1层细胞>慈竹,皮层、皮下层界限模糊,慈竹为4~5层,青皮竹为3~4层;竹笋时期表皮层无长短细胞区分,幼竹时期竹秆表皮层出现长短细胞,长短细胞交替出现;青皮竹栓质细胞为扁椭圆形,硅质细胞为椭圆形;慈竹栓质细胞为扁口袋形,硅质细胞为矩形,相同面积内慈竹栓质细胞和硅质细胞频率<青皮竹,随着其发育,栓质细胞和硅质细胞形状无明显变化,细胞大小和频率增加。

The article has mainly studied the development patterns of anatomical characteristics such as the morphology and size of cells in different parts of epidermis and the differentiation patterns of cork cells and silica cells of the two kinds of sympodial bamboo （Bambusa textilis and Sinocalamus affinis）. The results showed that the size of the outmost 3 layers of epidermis cells enlarged gradually in the process of development. Epidermis cells in this area were arranged loosely at the beginning of growth season but more and more compactly with the seasonal variability of bamboo growth. The size of epidermis cells decreased gradually from base to top parts. The size of the first layer of epidermis cells of S.affinis was smaller than the size of those in the same layer of B.textilis that has a blurry line between cells of cortical layer and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis of B.textilis and S.affinis were respectively made up by 4-5 layers and 3-4 layers of cell. No obvious distinction was found in morphology and size between 2 kinds of epidermis cell during their shoots period, however the difference between the alternating appearing long cells and short cells became more and more distinguishable from the seedling period. The morphology of cork cells and silica cells assume the different shapes in B.textilis and S.affinis with the elongated ellipse and ellipse epidermis cells in the former and the elongated ellipse and rectangle epidermis cells in the later. The occurrence frequency of cork cells and silica cells in S.affinis was lower than that in B.textilis in the same area. With the sustainable growth of bamboo, the 2 kinds of epidermis cell showed no obvious changes in cell morphology, but significant increase in cell size and occurrence frequency.