白血病抑制因子在眼科神经相关病变发病机制中的作用

Effect of leukemia inhibitory factor in the pathogenesis of the nerve-related disorders in the eye

白血病抑制因子（1eukemiainhibitoryfactor，LIF）是一种广泛存在于生物体的多功能细胞因子，属于白介素_6家族的一员。在神经系统，LIF参与了众多的生理和病理过程。在眼部，LIF对视神经、神经视网膜及角膜神经等的保护作用逐渐受到重视。在青光眼中，LIF通过激活JAK／STAT3通路发挥对视神经的保护作用，并能在一定程度上刺激轴突再生。在年龄相关性黄斑变性和视网膜色素变性等疾病中，LIF也能通过诱导相关信号通路阻止光感受器细胞死亡，从而有效维持光感受器的功能。另外LIF也能在一定程度上修复角膜神经受损，加速角膜神经再生。LIF在神经保护以及神经损伤后再生过程中的作用日渐突出，可能成为治疗眼科神经病变的新手段。

Leukemia inhibitory factor （LIF） is a multi-functional cytokine which belongs to the in- terleukin-6 family, and is widely expressed in animal and human tissues. In the nerve system, LIF is repor- ted to be involved in many physiological and pathological processes. In the eyes, the protective role played by LIF in the optic nerve, the neuro-retina and cornea has reported with increasing evidence. In glaucoma- tous eyes, by activating JAK/STAT3 pathway, LIF protects the optic nerve against injury and promotes the axon regeneration of the nerve. In eyes with age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa, LIF inhibits the death of the photoreceptors and maintains the function of them by the pathways related. In addi- tion, LIF promotes the regeneration of the nerves in the cornea in case of injury. The neuroprotective role played by LIF in the eye suggests its potential clinical application in the treatment in the future.