晋西北丘陵风沙区人工植物群落优势种种间关系研究

Interspecific relationships among dominant species in the planted vegetation communities in sandy hill regions of northwestern Shanxi,China

文中在对晋西北丘陵风沙区人工植物群落进行样方调查的基础上,筛选了16个群落优势种,采用χ^2检验、Pearson相关系数、Spearman秩相关系数和聚类分析相结合的方法,对该16个优势种、共120个种对的种间关系进行了研究。结果表明：1）χ^2检验、Pearson相关分析和Spearman秩相关分析结果基本一致,晋西北丘陵风沙区人工植物群落优势种负关联种对数显著多于正关联的种对数;2）16个优势种种对间关联率较高,且正负关联比均小于1,说明该区大多数人工植物群落比较脆弱,群落结构简单,应加强其科学管护;3）正关联的种对主要体现了种对间生物学特性相近,对生境的生态适应性相似和相互重叠的生态位;而负关联的种对间往往具有不同的生物学特性,对生境条件的适应性相异或存在相互竞争。乔木层中小叶杨与油松,灌木层中乌柳与柠条锦鸡儿,草本层中沙生冰草与披碱草等种对间呈极显著负相关,在植被恢复中不宜混种。而不同层间的小叶杨和沙棘、沙生冰草,油松与达乌里胡枝子、新疆杨与柠条锦鸡儿、鹅观草等种对间呈极显著正相关,在植被恢复中适宜混种;4）根据Spearman秩相关系数聚类分析结果和植物种的生态习性及分布范围,将16个优势种划分为4个生态种组。

The interspecific relationships among 120 species-pairs from 16 dominant species in planted vegetation communities in sandy hill regions of northwestern Shanxi province,China,were analyzed using techniques ofχ^2-test,Pearson＇s correlation coefficient,Spearman＇s rank correlation coefficient and cluster analysis. Results included： 1） χ^2-test,Pearson＇s correlation coefficient and Spearman＇s rank correlation coefficient analyzed had the similar results,which indicated that the number of negative correlation dominant species-pairs were significantly higher than the positive correlation dominant species-pairs within the planted vegetation communities. 2）The ratio of positive and negative association was less than 1,which indicated that most planted vegetation communities in the study regions were relatively fragile. Therefore,the scientific management strategy should be strengthened in these planted vegetation communities. 3） The species-pairs with similar biological features,similar ecological adaptability to the habitat,or with higher degree of niche overlap tended to be positively correlated,while those with different biological features,different adaptability to habitat,or existing inter-competition tended to be negatively correlated. The species-pairs of Populus simonii and Pinus tabulaeformis in the tree layer,Salix cheilophila and Caragana korshinskii in the shrub layer,and Agropyron desertorum and Elymus dahuricus,in the herb layer had significantly different negative correlations,and thus should not be planted in such pairs in actual revegetation practice; the species-combinations of Populus simonii,Hippophae rhamnoides and Agropyron desertorum,Pinus tabulaeformis and Lespedeza davurica,Populus alba,Caragana korshinskii and Roegneria Kamoji from the three different layers showed a significantly different positive correlation and thus could be planted in such combinations in actual revegetation practice. 4） The 16 dominant species were divided into four ecological species groups by cluster analysis based on Spearman＇s rank correlation coefficient and their ecological habit and distribution.