催化裂化装置蒸汽系统节能优化

Energy-saving Optimization of Steam System of FCC Unit

石油化工是重要的能源加工行业,同时也是能量消耗大户。蒸汽能耗约占炼油厂总能耗的10%~20%。蒸汽系统的节能可以从两方面入手：采用新的工艺技术降低装置的蒸汽用量;通过合理手段进行蒸汽的回收和利用,尽量减少蒸汽使用过程中的损失。洛阳石化催化裂化装置所用蒸汽分为3.5MPa、1.0MPa、0.3MPa三级蒸汽管网,通过对三级蒸汽网络存在问题进行分析,结合装置特点提出优化措施,并对改造后的节能降耗效果进行计算：增加再生器过热盘管,将过剩3.5MPa饱和蒸汽全部过热,每年产生经济效益1278.96万元;使用气压机性能控制系统,汽轮机消耗3.5MPa过热蒸汽减少,每年产生节能效益315.36万元;将主风机和气压机主油泵出来的乏汽由放空改为并入除氧器中,让乏汽作为除氧器的热源之一,减少了除氧器热源1.0MPa蒸汽用量,每年产生节能效益260.172万元;增加一台重沸器,用分馏一中油过剩的热量给解吸塔重沸器供热,减少解吸塔重沸器1.0MPa蒸汽用量,每年产生节能效益308.352万元。结果表明,节能优化措施效果显著,经济效益巨大。

The petrochemical industry is an important energy processing sector and also a major energy consumer.Steam accounts for about 10%-20% of a refinery ′ s total energy consumption.Saving energy for the steam system can start with two aspects ：Using new technology and process to reduce the use of steam and using appropriate approaches to recycle steam to minimize loss of steam during use.Sinopec Luoyang Compa-ny ′s FCC unit is equipped with a three-level steam pipe network（3.5MPa,1.0MPa and 0.3MPa steam）.By analyzing the problems with the steam pipe network and based on the unit ′ s specifics,this article proposes measures to optimize the operation of the unit and measures the results of a revamp on the unit in terms of energy saving and consumption reduction.The suggested measures include adding regenerator super-heater coil to super-heat all surplus 3.5MPa saturated steam（annual returns on this measure reach 12.7896 million yuan）;introducing a aerostatic press performance control system to reduce consumption of 3.5MPa superheated steam by steam turbines（annual energy savings reach 3.1536 million yuan）;sending the waste steam from the main air blower and the main oil pump of the aerostatic press into the deaerator（compared with the previous prac-tice of sending it to the flare system） to use waste steam as one of the heat sources of the deaerator（this has resulted in a decline in 1.0MPa steam consumption by the deaerator and annual savings reach 2.60172 mil-lion yuan）;and adding a reboiler to use the surplus heat in fractionating medium oil to supply heat to the reboiler of the desorber（this measure has reduced 1.0MPa steam consumption by the reboiler of the desorber and annual energy savings reach 3.08352 million yuan）.The results show that these energy-saving measures have produced good results and brought the company great economic benefits.