炼油厂停工检修过程中的环保控制实践

Environmental Protection Control Practice during Downtime in Refineries

为加强炼油厂停工检修过程中的环保控制,应采取严格执行排污申报、科学统筹排污方案、加强现场环保督察等措施。大检修停工过程的环境保护整体"有序、受控",废水达标排放,废气有组织密闭排放,噪声"静悄悄"排放,固体废物分类处理,停工过程无发生扰民事件和环境污染事件,实现"绿色检修"。另外,对于部分装置在停工前没有预先疏通地下排水系统而出现的污水溢流和冒井问题,停工过程处理瓦斯管线出现的恶臭污染问题,停工期间混放一般固体废物和危险固体废物的问题,以及可能出现的异常污水冲击污水场生化系统的问题,做好停工统筹,延长停工时间,实现密闭吹扫;废水分类分质处理;增设停工期间的环境应急分析小组,对监控污染物排放的"事后查处"改为"事前把关",做到污染物"先监测后排放"。对环保控制不足部分,要充分总结,在下周期检修时进行实施。

In order to strengthen the environmental protection control for refineries during an overhaul involving downtime,measures should be taken such as strictly implementing a pollutant discharge permit system,developing scientific pollutant discharge plans and strengthening onsite environmental protection supervision.During downtime,environmental protection work should be overall orderly and under control,wastewater meets discharge standard,waste gas is emitted in an organized and closed way,noise is kept ＂quiet＂,solid wastes are categorized for treatment and no nuisance or environmental pollution incident happens during downtime,achieving ＂green＂ overhauls. In addition, as for the issue of sewage overflow and well overflow due to failure to dredge the sub-drainage system in advance before downtime,the issue of foul smell pollution when dealing with gas pipelines during downtime,the issue of mixing ordinary solid wastes and hazard wastes in storage during downtime and the issue of possible abnormal impact of sewage on the biochemical system of the sewage treatment facility,the refinery should make a good job of planning for a downtime and extend the downtime to achieve closed purge.Wastewater should be divided according to category and quality for treat-ment.An environmental emergency analysis team should be established for downtimes.Changing the work style for overseeing pollutant discharge to prior-event control from post-event punishment and pollutants can only be discharged after passing regulatory checks.The refinery should make a note of where environmental protec-tion is inadequate and have countermeasures in place when conducting next overhaul.