太原市气传真菌数量调查

Investigation of Air-borne Fungi in Taiyuan

目的调查太原市2015年3月至2016年2月气传真菌种类及数目。方法 (1)采用每日曝片法收集并鉴定太原市全年气传真菌种属。每月曝皿法收集、分离并鉴定气传真菌。(2)统计全年气象数据(平均温度、平均湿度、风力、降雨量等),并与气传真菌数量行相关性分析。(3)计数全年气传真菌数量,总计太原市优势气传真菌种类及数目。结果 (1)曝片法收集到太原市全年气传真菌孢子共14种,曝皿法收集气传真菌10种。(2)太原市全年气传优势真菌为平脐蠕孢属,其余气传优势真菌依次为链格孢属、内脐蠕孢属、棒孢属、黑粉目、枝孢属等。(3)全年气传真菌数量与风力2级及以上的天数、平均温度、平均相对湿度、平均降水量呈正相关(r=0.067、r=0.415、r=0.295、r=0.203,P<0.05)。太原市夏秋季(6月至10月)气传真菌数量较多,冬季(12月至次年2月)气传真菌数量较少。结论平脐蠕孢属及链格孢属是太原市全年气传优势真菌。

Objective To investigate the species and amount of airborne fungi from March, 2015 to March, 2016 in Taiyuan. Methods （1） Airborne fungal was daily collected and identified by using Gravitational Method, and monthly collected, isolated and identified by cultivation on Petri dish. （2） Meteorlolgical data （including daily mean temperature, daily average humidity, wind power and rainfall precipitation etc. ） were collected and correlation between meteorlolgical data and amount of airborne fungi was also analyzed. （3） The total amount of annual airborne fungi and the species and amount of majority airborne fungi was concluded. Results （1） 14 kinds of fungal spores were collected by using Gravitational Method and 10 kinds of fungi by cultivation on Petri dish all the year in Taiyuan. （2） Bipolaris sp. was annual majority airborne fungus in Taiyuan, followed by Alternaria sp. , Drechslera sp. , Corynespora sp. , Ustilaginales and Cladosporium sp. orderly. （3） The total amount of airborne fungi was positively correlated to number of days which were with force 2 wind and above, average temperature, average relative humidity and average rainfall precipitation of Taiyuan （ r = 0. 067, r = 0.415, r = 0. 295, r = 0. 203 respectively, P 〈 0.05 ）. The amount of airborne fungi was higher in summer and autumn （from June to October） and lower in winter （from December toJanuary） in Taiyuan. Conclusion Bipolaris sp. and Alternaria sp. were the annual majority airborne fungi in Taiyuan.