贵州少数民族农村地区居民乙肝相关健康行为的结构方程模型分析

Structural Equation Model Analysis of Hepatitis B Related Health Behavior of Residents in Rural Areas of Minority Nationality in Guizhou Province

目的:了解贵州少数民族农村地区居民乙肝相关知信行现状,并通过结构方程模型分析其对乙肝相关健康行为的作用效应,为制定行为干预措施提供参考。方法:采用多阶段整群抽样,应用自行设计的乙肝流行病学调查问卷,在贵州省少数民族地区随机抽取两个县共2414人进行调查,数据采用SPSS17.0和AMOS22.0进行因子分析及构建结构方程模型。结果:当地居民的乙肝相关知识总知晓率为22.56%,总积极态度率为36.27%,总正确行为率为46.35%,有11.18%的人做过乙肝相关检查,而接种过乙肝疫苗的人仅10.15%。健康重视行为对乙肝相关健康行为的影响最大(总效应为0.43),其次为乙肝基本知识(0.33)、传播途径知识(0.19)和乙肝歧视态度(0.14)。结论:贵州少数民族农村地区居民乙肝相关知信行水平偏低,影响居民乙肝相关健康行为总效应最大的是健康重视行为,应针对居民的行为习惯进行干预并做好宣传教育。

Objective To understand the status of knowledge, attitude and practice of hepatitis B among residents in rural are- as of minority nationality in Guizhou, and to analyze the effect of the health behavior of hepatitis B by structural equation model, and to provide reference for behavior intervention measures. Methods Using multistage cluster sampling method, and self-designed epidemiological questionnaire, a total of 2414 people in minority areas of Guizhou Province were randomly selected from two coun- ties, data was used by SPSS17.0 and AMOS22.0 for factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Results The total awareness rate of hepatitis B related knowledge was 22.56% , the total positive attitude rate was 36.27% , and the total correct behavior rate was 46.35%, 11.18% of the people who did the hepatitis B related tests, while the vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine was only 10.15%. Health attention behavior had a greatest impact on the health behavior of hepatitis B （the total effect was 0. 426） , fol- lowed by the basic knowledge of hepatitis B （0. 327） , the spread of knowledge （0.187 ） and hepatitis B discrimination （0.131 ）. Conclusion Resident＇ s hepatitis B KAP level was low in rural areas of minority nationality in Guizhou , affecting the overall effect of resident＇ s health behavior of hepatitis B was health attention behavior, intervention should be carried out on the behavior habits of residents and do a good job in publicity and education.