不同来源大豆毛油磷脂组成的核磁检测及磷脂酸含量比较

Determination of phospholipids composition in crude soybean oil from different sources by nuclear magnetic resonance and comparison of phosphatidic acid content

植物毛油中存在一定量以磷脂为主的胶质。为保证后续物理精炼顺利进行,植物毛油需先经过脱胶处理。综合考虑原料产地、加工工艺、生产批次等因素,收集了25种不同大豆毛油,利用31P NMR技术对其进行磷脂组成分析,并研究了毛油中的磷脂酸含量与其他杂质间的关系。结果表明:不同品种大豆制备的毛油在磷脂组成上存在显著性差异(p<0.05),而磷含量没有显著性差异;随着储藏温度升高,毛油磷脂中磷脂酸占比有一定程度上升;大豆毛油中磷脂酸的含量与金属离子含量极显著正相关(p<0.01),与游离脂肪酸含量(以酸值表示)不存在显著性关联(p>0.05)。

The crude vegetable oil contained a finite amount of colloid substance which was mainly composed of phospholipids. In order to ensure the smooth operation of physical refining, the crude vegetable oil needed to be degummed firstly. Comprehensive considering the factors of origin, processing technology and production batch,25 kinds of crude soybean oils were collected and their phospholipids compositions were analyzed by 31p NMR. The relationships between the contents of phosphatidic acid content and other impurities in crude oil were studied. The results showed that there were significant differences in phospholipids compositions in crude oils which were made from different varieties of soybeans （p 〈 0.05 ）, but there was no significant difference in phosphorus content. The proportion of phosphatidic acid in phospholipids increased with the storage temperature rising. The contents of phosphatidic acid and metal ions in crude soybean oil were markedly positive correlated（p 〈0.01 ）. There was no significant correlation between the contents of phosphatidic acid and free fatty acids（p 〉0.05 ）.