种子发育状况与台湾凤梨释迦果实偏斜相关性分析

Relationship Between Seed Development and Fruit Skew Individual of Custard Apple(Annona squamosa L.)

以台湾凤梨释迦为试验材料,应用生物统计软件分析种子发育状况与台湾凤梨释迦果实偏斜度及其品质的关系,为防控台湾凤梨释迦果实偏斜,提高果实品质提供理论依据。结果表明:果实偏斜度与横径、纵径、单果重存在极显著负相关(p<0.01),与种子总数和种子重量存在显著负相关(p<0.05);对偏斜度进行通径分析和多元逐步回归分析表明,果实偏斜主要影响因子是果实的横径发育,其次为种子总数,其他因子主要通过果实横径和种子数量影响果实偏斜度,并建立回归方程为:Y=0.785-0.005X_5-0.003X_1,(Y偏斜度、X_5为横径、X_1为种子总数);端正果在单果重、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C、可食率均高于偏斜果和畸形果,且端正果与畸形果在维生素C和可食率方面均呈显著性差异。本研究为台湾释迦果实生长过程中采取相应的农艺措施防控果实偏斜指明了方向,对提高其果实品质具有实际意义。

In this study, the fruits of A nnona squamosa L. picked in the orchard of Guangxi University was used to study the relationship between the seed development and fruit skew individual and quality of custard apple （Annona squamosa L.）. Data were analyzed by means of biological statistical software and the result provided a theoretical reference with reducing the degree of deflection and improving the fruit quality of custard apple. The results showed that there was very significant negative correlation （p〈0.01） among transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, fruit weight and degree of skewness; and there was also significant negative （p〈0.05） correlation among seed numbers, seed weight and degree of skewness. Path analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis between seed and fruit characters and degree of skewness was carried out and the result suggested that the main impact factors on the degree of skewness were the development of transverse diameter of the fruit, followed by the number of seed. Other factors affected the degree of skewnes by influencing the development of the transverse diameter and the number of seed. The regression equation： Y =0.785-0.005Xs-0.003XI was established （Y for the degree of skewness, Xs for the transverse diameter, X~ for the seed numbers）; Fruit with good formation apparently showed higher advantage in single fruit weigh, total soluble solid, vitamin C and edible rate than the deformation and lopsided fruits. There was also a significant difference between good fruits and lopsided fruits in vitamin C and edible rate. This study indicated the direction of the corresponding agronomic measures to prevent and control the fruit deviation in the process of fruit growth, and it had practical significance to improve the quality of the fruit.