从“整理国故”到“国故整理”——九一八后中国学术研究的新趋向

From “Reorganizing National Heritage”to“National Heritage Reorganization”:the New Trend of Academic Research in China after the September 18th Incident

九一八后,日益严重的民族危机,引发了学术界对兴起于五四时期的"整理国故"运动的反思,认为那种为了"捉妖""打鬼"的"整理国故",不利于民族自尊心、自信心和自豪感的树立,于是开始从"整理国故"转向"国故整理",即通过对中国传统学术和文化的发掘、阐释和弘扬,来增强民族的自尊心、自信心和自豪感,以抵御日本的侵略,建设民族新文化,从而实现中华民族的伟大复兴。因此,"九·一八"后,学术界兴起了一股研究中国文化和历史的热潮。如果说文化史研究的目的是为了"以文化史振奋民族精神",提高民族的自信力的话,那么,研究历史的目的则是为了宣传民族主义思想,直接服从或服务于反对日本侵略斗争的需要。当时历史研究的一个重要趋向是重视对中国历史尤其是中国通史的研究。除了重视对中国历史尤其是中国通史的研究外,另一个重要趋向是对边疆史地研究。

After the September 18 th Incident,the increasingly serious national crisis had caused the academic circles to reflect on the ＂Reorganizing National Heritage＂Movement which started around the May 4th Movement.It was believed that＂Reorganizing National Heritage＂for＂Catch demon＂and＂hit the ghost＂was negative to set up national self-esteem,self-confidence and pride,therefore it began to transform from ＂Reorganizing National Heritage＂to ＂National Heritage Reorganization＂,namely,through the excavation,interpretation and promotion of traditional Chinese academy and culture to enhance national self-esteem,self-confidence and pride,to resist the Japanese aggression,to build a new national culture,and in order to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.So after the 9 · 18,there rose an upsurge of the study of Chinese culture and history in academia.If the purpose of the study of cultural history was to＂stimulate the national spirit＂and enhance the national self-confidence,then the purpose of historical research was to propagate nationalist ideology,directly obey or serve the needs of the struggle against Japanese aggression,it was an important trend in the history study that emphasized the study of Chinese history,especially the general history of China.In addition to attaching importance to the study of Chinese history,especially the general history of China,another important trend was the studies of borderland history。