挤压法制备Al_2O_3/Al铝基复合材料的组织及性能

Microstructure and Properties of Al_2O_3/Al Aluminum Matrix Composites Fabricated by Squeeze Process

使用挤压法制备不同含量的微米(5μm)及纳米(30 nm)Al_2O_3颗粒增强铝基复合材料,采用SEM和EDS对其微观组织进行观察和分析,并对其力学性能进行检测。结果表明:单加微米颗粒时,颗粒分布较为均匀;同时加入纳米颗粒时,组织中出现团聚现象。从其力学性能方面看,不同粒径的颗粒作为增强剂比单一粒径颗粒增强的铝基复合材料拉伸性能好。单一Al_2O_3(5μm)增强颗粒在10 wt%时拉伸性能为161 MPa达到最佳,而混合颗粒最佳组合为10 wt%Al_2O_3(5μm)+4wt%Al_2O_3(30 nm),其拉伸性能达到(174 MPa),较单一颗粒增加8.1%。混合颗粒的添加在改善复合材料的力学性能方面起到一定的作用。

Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with different levels of microns （5 μm）/nano （30 nm） Al2O3 particles were fabricated by squeeze casting process in this paper. The matrix morphology and distribution of particles were recognized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, the compression strength of samples, also was investigated. The results show that particles distribution was relatively uniform with the single micron particles addition, but agglomerated with micron and nano particles mix addition. The mechanical properties tests show that the tensile property of mixture particle reinforced composites was better than that of single particle reinforced composites. The tensile properties （161 MPa） was best when the single particle （5 μm） reinforced in 10wt%,and the hybrid particles optimal combination of 10wt% Al2O3（5 microns） ＋ 4wt%Al2O3 （30 nm）, its tensile properties （174 MPa） is higher 8.1% than that of the single particles added.