294名苗族、布依族及汉族妇女盆底功能障碍性疾病患病状况及比较分析

The Status and Comparison of 294 Women with Pelvis Floor Dysfunction Diseases among Miao,Buyi,and Han Nationalities

目的:了解贵州省苗族、布依族和汉族妇女盆底功能障碍性疾病(PFD)的患病情况及影响因素。方法:对贵州省苗族、布依族、汉族接受健康体检的常住已婚女性294人进行妇科检查,对患有盆腔脏器脱垂情况进行测量和分度;同时收集年龄、民族、分娩次数、分娩地点、分娩方式、漏尿时的症状及程度、对生活质量影响的问卷调查资料,比较不同民族PFD的患病率,采用多因素Logistic回归分析PFD的影响因素。结果:294名健康体检妇女PFD患病率为44.22%(130/294),苗族妇女PFD患病率高于布依族与汉族妇女(P<0.05),其中苗族妇女盆腔脏器脱垂患病率高于布依族和汉族妇女(P<0.05),尿失禁患病率低于布依族和汉族妇女(P<0.05);年龄、民族、分娩方式为盆腔脏器脱垂、尿失禁患病的共同危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:苗族女性与布依族、汉族女性PFD患病率存在差异,应根据各自民族特点开展适宜的健康教育,预防PFD。

Objective： To explore the prevalence of women~ pelvic floor dysfunction （PFD） in Miao, Buyi, and Han nationalities of Guizhou and the affecting factors. Methods： Gynecological examination was conducted to 294 married women belonging to Miao, Buyi and Han nationalities. PFD patients were recorded, and the ptosted organs were measured and graded. In the same time, information inelu- ding age, nationality, delivery times, delivery way, delivery places, and the symptoms and degrees of urinary incontinence, and the influence to life quality were collected by questionnaire survey. PFD prevalences in different nationalities were compared, and the factors affecting PFD were analyzed with multi-factor Logistic regression. Results： The general PFD prevalence in the 294 women was 44.22% （130/294）. The PFD prevalence of Miao women was higher than those of Bnyi and Han women （P 〈 0.05 ） . The prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse of Miao women was higher than those of Buyi and Han women, while the prevalence of urinary incontinence of Miao women was lower than those of Buyi and Han women （P 〈 0.05 ）. Age, nationality, and delivery way were the common risk factors of pelvic organ prolapse, and urinary incontinence. Conclusion： There are differences of PFD prevalence a- mong Miao, Buyi, and Han women. For the prevention of PFD, health education should be conducted in the way suitable to different national characteristics.