区域台风—海洋耦合模式的构建及应用研究

Construction and Application of a Regional Typhoon–Ocean Coupled Model

由于海洋业务化预报模式对中尺度涡等海洋中、小尺度物理过程的准确预报仍然具有较大困难,因此,区域台风—海洋耦合模式初始化采用稳定基态的海洋数据是当前的有效手段。本文通过对两组台风个例的模拟,检验了基于稳定基态海洋数据的区域台风—海洋耦合模式的模拟效果,并通过6组敏感性试验,研究了初始台风最大风速半径(Radius of maximum wind speed,RMWS)对耦合模式模拟结果的影响。结果表明:初始台风RMWS的影响贯穿整个模拟阶段,RMWS越大,下垫面热通量输送量级越大,台风强度越强。在台风强烈的风场作用下,海温反馈也越显著,从而引起热通量降低幅度增大。RMWS作为与台风结构密切相关的物理量在度量台风强度中起到了重要作用。

It is still difficult for operational ocean models to accurately forecast meso- to micro-scale processes, such as the mesoscale ocean vortex. Therefore, the application of stable ocean model data is an effective method for ocean initialization in the regional typhoon-ocean coupled model. Using this method, the regional typhoon-ocean coupled model is applied to simulate two typhoon cases in this study. In addition, the effect of the radius of maximum wind speed（RMWS） on model simulation is investigated based on six sensitive experiments. Results show that the RMWS in typhoon initialization affects the simulation throughout the entire integration period. The larger the RMWS is, the more heat flux underneath is transported, which contributes to a stronger typhoon. Under the effect of strong typhoon winds, the ocean feedback effectively reduces the transportation of heat flux. Finally, this study emphasizes the importance of RMWS in characterizing typhoon intensity.