中缅边境地区中国外流边民回迁现象研究——以中缅边境地区怒江段为中心

On the home-returning phenomenon of the emigrants of China in the Sino-Burmese borderlands:A case study at the Nujiang River Valley in the Sino-Burmese borderlands

随着我国经济发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,历史上由于受政治运动影响、躲避计划生育、政府劳务输出等原因,外流至缅甸的中国边民,近年来基于对国内社会稳定、经济发展、惠民政策、未来前景的向往,以及因境外政局动荡、缅甸户口整顿等因素的影响,开始大量回迁中国定居。回迁主体主要为傈僳族、怒族、独龙族、景颇族、佤族等跨境民族。这些回迁的外流边民由于无中国户籍、边婚生育等原因,在生产生活和子女教育等方面遇到困难,同时也给我国边境地区的治安管理甚至边疆安全带来极大的隐患。本文在对回迁我国的中缅跨境民族问题进行深入详细地问题论证的基础上,提出建议措施,以期能够为新时期的边疆治理工作提供有益的思考。

With the quickened economic development and the better living conditions in China, a number of the Myanmar-staying emigrants of China are returning to China recently. The reasons why they emigrated to Myanmar were due to some political movements, labor export or some policies like the birth-control policy, while the reasons for their returning to China are the socio-economic stabili- ty, favorable policies and promising prospects in China as well as the political instability and house- hold registration problems in Myanmar. The majority of these home-returning Chinese are cross-bor- der ethnic groups like the Lisu, the Nu, the Dulong, the Jingpo and the Wa. These home-returning Chinese are facing some problems in their production, life and children＇s education due to their lack of the official household registration in China or no official registration of their children, which poses a serious threat to the borderland administration and security in China. This paper finally proposes some suggestions and measures for solving these problems, which should have some significance to China＇s borderland administration in the new period.